Validate enums

[izkgao]

Description

Closes #157.
Need frontend CARTAvis/carta-frontend#2759 to be merged first.

Adds enum snapshot checks to keep Python constants aligned with frontend/protobuf enums.

What is implemented

• Align constants with frontend/protobuf enum snapshots and add private enum mismatch diagnostics with an opt-in live test.

How to test

1. Build this frontend branch Add higher level functions for carta-python carta-frontend#2759 or after
2. Launch CARTA with --enable_scripting
3. Replace the url and session id below with yours.

CARTA_RUN_LIVE_ENUM_SNAPSHOTS=1 \
CARTA_FRONTEND_URL='http://127.0.0.1:3002' \
CARTA_SESSION_ID='1584862638' \
uv run pytest tests/live/test_live_enum_snapshots.py

4. See only this error
   Because ANNULUS has not been implemented yet, we do not add it to RegionType in constants.py.

AssertionError: [{'missing_in_frontend': [], 'missing_in_python': [{'frontend_name': 'ANNULUS', 'frontend_value': 5}], 'name': 'RegionType', 'source': 'protobuf:RegionType', ...}]
assert [{'missing_in...onType', ...}] == []

[confluence]

I'm going to wait until the other PRs have been resolved before doing a final review, but I have an alternative suggestion for specifying the links to protobuf and frontend enums:

• Create mix-in classes called FrontendEnum and ProtobufEnum.
• For each of these, implement a registration mechanism for subclasses (similar to the region and view mechanism), which:
  • Checks the subclass for an optional snapshot_name class attribute (maybe this should be called something like external_name or reference_name -- and it should probably be in all caps for style consistency)
  • Updates a class dict that maps snapshot names to enum subclasses (if no custom snapshot_name is provided, the name of the class is used by default)
• Make each class that is linked to a frontend or protobuf enum inherit one of these mixins.

Now by default enums won't be linked to anything, and you can access the mappings of the mixins to get the lists of frontend- and protobuf-linked enums (instead of having to tag every enum and parse them all manually), and you don't have to provide external names explicitly unless the class name is different.

[izkgao]

I removed the unrelated code changes from zhenkai/check_version branch so it can be reviewed independently.

[izkgao]

I found that it would be better to make it work without launching CARTA. I will make a script in frontend to generate a list of enum and use it for validation.