help.TXT

=== BASIC++ COMMAND REFERENCE ===

[Arithmetic / Math]
 ABS         Absolute value
 ATN         Arctangent (returns radians)
 COS         Cosine (radians)
 EXP         Exponential (e^x)
 FIX         Truncate toward zero
 INT         Truncate to integer (math) or trigger software interrupt
 LOG         Natural logarithm (base e)
 RND         Random number (0 to 1)
 SIN         Sine (radians)
 SQR         Square root
 TAN         Tangent (radians)

[Control Flow]
 BY          Counting step in loop (SBASIC FOR loop alias)
 CALL        Call a SUB procedure
 CASE        Case clause within SELECT CASE
 DECLARE     Forward-declare a SUB or FUNCTION
 DO          Begin a DO loop
 ELSE        Alternate branch in block IF or single-line IF
 END         Terminate program execution
 ENDFUNC     End a FUNCTION block
 ENDPROC     End a PROCEDURE block
 ERROR       Raise a user error
 FOR         Begin a counting loop
 FUNCTION    Define a named function
 GOSUB       Call a subroutine at a line number
 GOTO        Jump to a line number
 IF          Conditional decision structure
 LOOP        End of a DO loop (with condition)
 NEXT        End of a FOR loop
 ON          Computed GOTO/GOSUB or error/event handler
 PROCEDURE   Define a named procedure (alias for SUB)
 RESUME      Return from an error handler
 RETURN      Return from a GOSUB subroutine
 SELECT      Begin a SELECT CASE block
 STEP        Count loop step increments
 SUB         Define a named subroutine
 TASK        Multi-tasking thread spawn
 THEN        Conditional branch target indicator
 TO          Counting upper limit indicator
 UNTIL       Exit condition for repeat loop
 WEND        End of a WHILE loop
  WHILE       Begin a conditional loop
  WITH        Execute block of statements on UDT/Object path

[Debug & Testing]
 ASSERT      Assert condition is true
 BREAK       Trigger interactive breakpoint
 SELFTEST    Run built-in interpreter tests
 TROFF       Turn statement tracing OFF
 TRON        Turn statement tracing ON
 VARS        Display all active variables

[Devices & Network]
 BIOS        Access mock BIOS interrupt or switch memory map model (string)
 HTTP_GET$   Perform HTTP GET request
 INP         Read from a hardware port
 IOCTL       Send control string to device
 IOCTL       Send control string to device
 MOUNT       Mount a VFS path
 OUT         Write to a hardware port
 UMOUNT      Unmount a VFS path
 WAIT        Wait for hardware port state

[File I/O]
 ATOMIC      Start implicit atomic transaction
 CHDIR       File and directory management
 CLOSE       Close a file channel
 COMMIT      Commit active transaction
 FILES       File and directory management
 GET         Read a record from random file
 LOC         Current file position
 LOF         Get length of open file
 MKDIR       File and directory management
 NAME        File and directory management
 PUT         Write a record to random file
 RESET       Close all open files
 RMDIR       File and directory management
 ROLLBACK    Rollback active transaction
 SEEK        Set or get file position
 TXN         Transaction control (BEGIN, COMMIT, ROLLBACK, STATUS)

[Graphics]
 CIRCLE      Draw a circle
 PAINT       Flood fill an area
 PLAY        Graphics or sound macro
 PRESET      Reset a pixel at (x,y)
 PSET        Set a pixel at (x,y)
 SCREEN      Set screen mode

[BGI Graphics]
 BAR         Draw a filled rectangle using fill color
 CLOSEGRAPH  Shutdown BGI graphics and release VRAM
 ELLIPSE     Draw an elliptical arc
 INITGRAPH   Initialize BGI graphics mode by heritage mode ID
 OUTTEXTXY   Render text at (x, y) in graphics mode
 PALETTE     Set a palette entry (0-255) to an RGB color
 PUTPIXEL    Write a single pixel at (x, y)
 RECTANGLE   Draw an unfilled rectangle outline

[Input / Output]
 CLS         Clear the screen
 CSRLIN      Get the current cursor row line number (1-indexed)
 COLOR       Set text foreground/background
 EOF         Standard I/O or string formatting
 GEMINI      Network protocol handler
 INPUT       Get console input into a variable
 INPUT       Get console input into a variable
 INSTR       Standard I/O or string formatting
 LINE        Read entire line (LINE INPUT)
 LPOS        Get the current printer column position (1-indexed)
 NCONNECTED  Network socket operation
 NHTTPSTATUS Network socket operation
 NSTATUS     Network socket operation
 OPEN        Standard I/O or string formatting
 POS         Get the current cursor column position (1-indexed)
 PRINT       Display output to console

[Introspection]
 ALIAS       Advanced language feature
 CATALOG     List all commands & functions
 DEMAND      Built-in command or function: DEMAND
 HELP        Show this help (or HELP keyword)
 HELP        Show this help (or HELP keyword)
 INFO        Display system information
 MEMMAP$     Get name of currently active BIOS memory map model
 MODULE      Advanced language feature
 UNLESS      Built-in command or function: UNLESS
 USING       Built-in command or function: USING

[Program Mgmt & Editing]
 BLOAD       Load binary memory image
 BRUN        Load and execute binary program
 BSAVE       Save binary memory image
 DELETE      Delete program lines
 EDIT        Edit a program line
 LIST        List stored program lines
 LOAD        Load program from disk
 MERGE       Merge program lines from disk
 NEW         Clear program and variables
 RENUM       Renumber program lines
 RUN         Execute the stored program
 SAVE        Save program to disk
 UNLOAD      Unload module or program
 UNSAVE      Delete saved program (alias for KILL)

[Sound]
 BEEP        Emit an audible beep
 SOUND       Play a tone at frequency

[String Functions]
 ASC         ASCII value of first character
 CHR$        Character from ASCII code
 LCASE$      Convert string to lowercase
 LEFT$       Get left portion of string
 LEN         Length of a string
 LTRIM$      Trim leading spaces
 MID$        Substring function
 REPLACE$    Replace substrings
 RIGHT$      Get right portion of string
 RTRIM$      Trim trailing spaces
 SPACE$      Create space string
 STR$        Convert number to string
 STRING$     Create repeated character string
 TRIM$       Trim leading and trailing spaces
 UCASE$      Convert string to uppercase
 VAL         Convert string to number

[System & Environ]
 DIALECT     System environment query/control
 KILL        Reserved for future use
 SECURITY    System operation or file query

[Variables & Memory]
 AS          Specify variable type or file channel alias
 CLASS       Define OOP Class block
 ENUM        Define enumeration type
 DATA        Store numeric or string data
 DEFDBL      Declare double variable range
 DEFINT      Declare integer variable range
 DEFSNG      Declare single variable range
 DEFSTR      Declare string variable range
 DIM         Declare an array with dimensions
 ERASE       Erase an array from memory
 LBOUND      Array lower bound index
 LET         Assign value to variable (optional in most dialects)
 MAT         Matrix operations
 OPTION      Set interpreter options
 PEEK        Read byte from virtual memory
 POKE        Write byte to virtual memory
=== BASIC++ COMMAND REFERENCE ===

[Arithmetic / Math]
 ABS         Absolute value
 ATN         Arctangent (returns radians)
 COS         Cosine (radians)
 EXP         Exponential (e^x)
 FIX         Truncate toward zero
 INT         Truncate to integer (math) or trigger software interrupt
 LOG         Natural logarithm (base e)
 RND         Random number (0 to 1)
 SIN         Sine (radians)
 SQR         Square root
 TAN         Tangent (radians)

[Control Flow]
 BY          Counting step in loop (SBASIC FOR loop alias)
 CALL        Call a SUB procedure
 CASE        Case clause within SELECT CASE
 DECLARE     Forward-declare a SUB or FUNCTION
 DO          Begin a DO loop
 ELSE        Alternate branch in block IF or single-line IF
 END         Terminate program execution
 ENDFUNC     End a FUNCTION block
 ENDPROC     End a PROCEDURE block
 ERROR       Raise a user error
 FOR         Begin a counting loop
 FUNCTION    Define a named function
 GOSUB       Call a subroutine at a line number
 GOTO        Jump to a line number
 IF          Conditional decision structure
 LOOP        End of a DO loop (with condition)
 NEXT        End of a FOR loop
 ON          Computed GOTO/GOSUB or error/event handler
 PROCEDURE   Define a named procedure (alias for SUB)
 RESUME      Return from an error handler
 RETURN      Return from a GOSUB subroutine
 SELECT      Begin a SELECT CASE block
 STEP        Count loop step increments
 SUB         Define a named subroutine
 TASK        Multi-tasking thread spawn
 THEN        Conditional branch target indicator
 TO          Counting upper limit indicator
 UNTIL       Exit condition for repeat loop
 WEND        End of a WHILE loop
  WHILE       Begin a conditional loop
  WITH        Execute block of statements on UDT/Object path

[Debug & Testing]
 ASSERT      Assert condition is true
 BREAK       Trigger interactive breakpoint
 SELFTEST    Run built-in interpreter tests
 TROFF       Turn statement tracing OFF
 TRON        Turn statement tracing ON
 VARS        Display all active variables

[Devices & Network]
 BIOS        Access mock BIOS interrupt or switch memory map model (string)
 HTTP_GET$   Perform HTTP GET request
 INP         Read from a hardware port
 IOCTL       Send control string to device
 IOCTL       Send control string to device
 MOUNT       Mount a VFS path
 OUT         Write to a hardware port
 UMOUNT      Unmount a VFS path
 WAIT        Wait for hardware port state

[File I/O]
 ATOMIC      Start implicit atomic transaction
 CHDIR       File and directory management
 CLOSE       Close a file channel
 COMMIT      Commit active transaction
 FILES       File and directory management
 GET         Read a record from random file
 LOC         Current file position
 LOF         Get length of open file
 MKDIR       File and directory management
 NAME        File and directory management
 PUT         Write a record to random file
 RESET       Close all open files
 RMDIR       File and directory management
 ROLLBACK    Rollback active transaction
 SEEK        Set or get file position
 TXN         Transaction control (BEGIN, COMMIT, ROLLBACK, STATUS)

[Graphics]
 CIRCLE      Draw a circle
 PAINT       Flood fill an area
 PLAY        Graphics or sound macro
 PRESET      Reset a pixel at (x,y)
 PSET        Set a pixel at (x,y)
 SCREEN      Set screen mode

[BGI Graphics]
 BAR         Draw a filled rectangle using fill color
 CLOSEGRAPH  Shutdown BGI graphics and release VRAM
 ELLIPSE     Draw an elliptical arc
 INITGRAPH   Initialize BGI graphics mode by heritage mode ID
 OUTTEXTXY   Render text at (x, y) in graphics mode
 PALETTE     Set a palette entry (0-255) to an RGB color
 PUTPIXEL    Write a single pixel at (x, y)
 RECTANGLE   Draw an unfilled rectangle outline

[Input / Output]
 CLS         Clear the screen
 CSRLIN      Get the current cursor row line number (1-indexed)
 COLOR       Set text foreground/background
 EOF         Standard I/O or string formatting
 GEMINI      Network protocol handler
 INPUT       Get console input into a variable
 INPUT       Get console input into a variable
 INSTR       Standard I/O or string formatting
 LINE        Read entire line (LINE INPUT)
 LPOS        Get the current printer column position (1-indexed)
 NCONNECTED  Network socket operation
 NHTTPSTATUS Network socket operation
 NSTATUS     Network socket operation
 OPEN        Standard I/O or string formatting
 POS         Get the current cursor column position (1-indexed)
 PRINT       Display output to console

[Introspection]
 ALIAS       Advanced language feature
 CATALOG     List all commands & functions
 DEMAND      Built-in command or function: DEMAND
 HELP        Show this help (or HELP keyword)
 HELP        Show this help (or HELP keyword)
 INFO        Display system information
 MEMMAP$     Get name of currently active BIOS memory map model
 MODULE      Advanced language feature
 UNLESS      Built-in command or function: UNLESS
 USING       Built-in command or function: USING

[Program Mgmt & Editing]
 BLOAD       Load binary memory image
 BRUN        Load and execute binary program
 BSAVE       Save binary memory image
 DELETE      Delete program lines
 EDIT        Edit a program line
 LIST        List stored program lines
 LOAD        Load program from disk
 MERGE       Merge program lines from disk
 NEW         Clear program and variables
 RENUM       Renumber program lines
 RUN         Execute the stored program
 SAVE        Save program to disk
 UNLOAD      Unload module or program
 UNSAVE      Delete saved program (alias for KILL)

[Sound]
 BEEP        Emit an audible beep
 SOUND       Play a tone at frequency

[String Functions]
 ASC         ASCII value of first character
 CHR$        Character from ASCII code
 LCASE$      Convert string to lowercase
 LEFT$       Get left portion of string
 LEN         Length of a string
 LTRIM$      Trim leading spaces
 MID$        Substring function
 REPLACE$    Replace substrings
 RIGHT$      Get right portion of string
 RTRIM$      Trim trailing spaces
 SPACE$      Create space string
 STR$        Convert number to string
 STRING$     Create repeated character string
 TRIM$       Trim leading and trailing spaces
 UCASE$      Convert string to uppercase
 VAL         Convert string to number

[System & Environ]
 DIALECT     System environment query/control
 KILL        Reserved for future use
 SECURITY    System operation or file query

[Variables & Memory]
 AS          Specify variable type or file channel alias
 CLASS       Define OOP Class block
 ENUM        Define enumeration type
 DATA        Store numeric or string data
 DEFDBL      Declare double variable range
 DEFINT      Declare integer variable range
 DEFSNG      Declare single variable range
 DEFSTR      Declare string variable range
 DIM         Declare an array with dimensions
 ERASE       Erase an array from memory
 LBOUND      Array lower bound index
 LET         Assign value to variable (optional in most dialects)
 MAT         Matrix operations
 OPTION      Set interpreter options
 PEEK        Read byte from virtual memory
 POKE        Write byte to virtual memory
 READ        Read the next DATA value
 REM         Comment (ignored by interpreter)
 RESTORE     Reset DATA pointer to beginning
 SADD        Get memory offset of a string variable's data
 TYPE        Define a user-defined type
 UBOUND      Array upper bound index
 VARPTR      Get memory offset of a variable
 VARPTR$     Get packed variable descriptor string
 VARSEG      Get memory segment of a variable
 RESET       Close all open file and device channels and flush buffers
 USR         Machine code/C routine dispatch table (USR0 to USR9)
 ERDEV       Get 16-bit hardware/INT 24h error code from last device operation
 ERDEV$      Get 8-character ASCII device driver name from last error
 EXTERR      Query extended operating system error (0=code, 1=class, 2=action, 3=locus)
 HASH$       Generate MD5, SHA1, SHA256, SHA512, or CRC32 hash string
 SALT$       Compute salted SHA256 password hash string
 AUDITCRACK  Perform dictionary attack hash auditing
 SANDBOXAUDIT Detect if execution is running inside a VM or sandbox
 VMCHECK     Inspect hypervisor timing artifacts for VM detection
 COM         Serial port event trap configuration
 PEN         Lightpen/screen touch event trap configuration
 STRIG       Joystick/gamepad button event trap configuration