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/*
https://www.cnblogs.com/grandyang/p/5100098.html
这道题给了我们n个灯泡,第一次打开所有的灯泡,第二次每两个更改灯泡的状态,第三次每三个更改灯泡的状态,以此类推,第n次每n个更改灯泡的状态。让我们求n次后,所有亮的灯泡的个数。此题是CareerCup 6.6 Toggle Lockers 切换锁的状态。
那么我们来看这道题吧,还是先枚举个小例子来分析下,比如只有5个灯泡的情况,'X'表示灭,‘√’表示亮,如下所示:
初始状态: X X X X X
第一次: √ √ √ √ √
第二次: √ X √ X √
第三次: √ X X X √
第四次: √ X X √ √
第五次: √ X X √ X
那么最后我们发现五次遍历后,只有1号和4号灯泡是亮的,而且很巧的是它们都是平方数,是巧合吗,还是其中有什么玄机。我们仔细想想,对于第n个灯泡,只有当次数是n的因子的之后,才能改变灯泡的状态,即n能被当前次数整除,比如当n为36时,它的因数有(1,36), (2,18), (3,12), (4,9), (6,6), 可以看到前四个括号里成对出现的因数各不相同,括号中前面的数改变了灯泡状态,后面的数又变回去了,等于灯泡的状态没有发生变化,只有最后那个(6,6),在次数6的时候改变了一次状态,没有对应其它的状态能将其变回去了,所以灯泡就一直是点亮状态的。所以所有平方数都有这么一个相等的因数对,即所有平方数的灯泡都将会是点亮的状态。
那么问题就简化为了求1到n之间完全平方数的个数,我们可以用force brute来比较从1开始的完全平方数和n的大小,参见代码如下:
*/
class Solution {
public int bulbSwitch(int n) {
return (int) Math.sqrt(n);
}
}
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