From f93cbb6a7725c8a340da5f9eb4845ea71c49b671 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: zen-triager <zen-triager@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Tue, 18 Aug 2026 12:33:04 +0000
Subject: [PATCH] fix issue

---
 .../helpers/tryDecodeAsJWT.go                 | 25 +++++++--
 .../tryDecodeAsJWT_differential_test.go       | 53 +++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 74 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 lib/request-processor/helpers/tryDecodeAsJWT_differential_test.go

diff --git a/lib/request-processor/helpers/tryDecodeAsJWT.go b/lib/request-processor/helpers/tryDecodeAsJWT.go
index 10f009406..e2d93179e 100644
--- a/lib/request-processor/helpers/tryDecodeAsJWT.go
+++ b/lib/request-processor/helpers/tryDecodeAsJWT.go
@@ -14,6 +14,24 @@ func removePadding(s string) string {
 	return strings.TrimRight(strings.TrimLeft(s, "="), "=")
 }
 
+// decodeBase64Segment decodes a JWT segment as leniently as common application
+// decoders. Application-side JWT libraries frequently accept both URL-safe
+// (-_) and standard (+/) base64 alphabets, so the firewall must too, otherwise
+// claims can be smuggled past scanning by switching the alphabet.
+func decodeBase64Segment(segment string) ([]byte, bool) {
+	segment = removePadding(segment)
+	encodings := []*base64.Encoding{
+		base64.RawURLEncoding,
+		base64.RawStdEncoding,
+	}
+	for _, enc := range encodings {
+		if payload, err := enc.DecodeString(segment); err == nil {
+			return payload, true
+		}
+	}
+	return nil, false
+}
+
 func tryDecodeAsJWT(jwt string) JWTDecodeResult {
 	if !strings.Contains(jwt, ".") {
 		return JWTDecodeResult{JWT: false}
@@ -22,15 +40,14 @@ func tryDecodeAsJWT(jwt string) JWTDecodeResult {
 	if len(parts) != 3 {
 		return JWTDecodeResult{JWT: false}
 	}
-	//remove padding
 
-	payload, err := base64.RawURLEncoding.DecodeString(removePadding(parts[1]))
-	if err != nil {
+	payload, ok := decodeBase64Segment(parts[1])
+	if !ok {
 		return JWTDecodeResult{JWT: false}
 	}
 
 	var object interface{}
-	err = ParseJSON(payload, &object)
+	err := ParseJSON(payload, &object)
 
 	if err != nil {
 		return JWTDecodeResult{JWT: false}
diff --git a/lib/request-processor/helpers/tryDecodeAsJWT_differential_test.go b/lib/request-processor/helpers/tryDecodeAsJWT_differential_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..566f5e8c8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/request-processor/helpers/tryDecodeAsJWT_differential_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+package helpers
+
+import (
+	"encoding/base64"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+// buildDifferentialTokens returns two JWTs carrying the identical claim, differing
+// only in the base64 alphabet of the payload segment (url-safe vs standard).
+func buildDifferentialTokens(t *testing.T) (urlSafe, standard, claim string) {
+	claim = "x' OR '1'='1"
+	var std string
+	for i := 1; i < 64; i++ {
+		obj := map[string]interface{}{"z": strings.Repeat("\u00ff", i), "name": claim}
+		payload, _ := json.Marshal(obj)
+		cand := strings.TrimRight(base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString(payload), "=")
+		if strings.ContainsAny(cand, "+/") {
+			std = cand
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	if std == "" {
+		t.Fatal("could not build a payload with + or / in std base64")
+	}
+	url := strings.NewReplacer("+", "-", "/", "_").Replace(std)
+	hdr := strings.TrimRight(base64.URLEncoding.EncodeToString([]byte(`{"alg":"none"}`)), "=")
+	return hdr + "." + url + ".sig", hdr + "." + std + ".sig", claim
+}
+
+// A JWT whose payload uses standard base64 (+/) must be decoded and its claims
+// scanned identically to the url-safe form.
+func TestTryDecodeAsJWTStandardBase64(t *testing.T) {
+	urlSafe, standard, claim := buildDifferentialTokens(t)
+
+	if r := tryDecodeAsJWT(urlSafe); !r.JWT {
+		t.Fatalf("url-safe JWT should decode")
+	}
+	if r := tryDecodeAsJWT(standard); !r.JWT {
+		t.Fatalf("standard-base64 JWT should decode (differential bypass)")
+	}
+
+	urlStrings := ExtractStringsFromUserInput(urlSafe, []PathPart{}, 0)
+	stdStrings := ExtractStringsFromUserInput(standard, []PathPart{}, 0)
+
+	if _, ok := urlStrings[claim]; !ok {
+		t.Errorf("url-safe token: claim %q not extracted", claim)
+	}
+	if _, ok := stdStrings[claim]; !ok {
+		t.Errorf("standard-base64 token: claim %q not extracted -> WAF bypass", claim)
+	}
+}